HPL laminates are one of the most popular surface materials for furniture, worktops and interior surfaces, thanks to their excellent chemical resistance. However, many designers and manufacturers are wondering which cleaning products are safe to use and how to keep surfaces looking beautiful for years to come.
By understanding the chemical structure of HPL surfaces and the correct care methods, you can ensure the durability and appearance of the material throughout its lifetime. In this article, we'll go through the basics of chemical resistance, harmful substances, and best practices for treating surfaces and repairing any damage.
What makes HPL surfaces chemically resistant?
The exceptional chemical resistance of HPL laminates results from the high-pressure lamination process, where several layers of paper or fabric are pressed together with phenolic and melamine resins. The process uses high pressure and temperature to polymerise the resins into a completely impermeable surface.
The laminate layer structure typically consists of:
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Protective layer of melamine, which repels moisture and chemicals
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Decorative paper, which gives the surface the desired appearance
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Several layers of kraft paper, which provide strength
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Phenolic resin, which binds the layers together
The melamine surface layer forms a particularly dense network that prevents liquids and chemicals from being absorbed into the material. This makes HPL surfaces inherently resistant to most everyday chemicals and cleaning agents.
What chemicals can damage HPL laminate?
Although HPL resists most chemicals well, strong acids and alkalis can cause permanent damage to the surface. Substances with a pH of less than 2 or more than 12 are particularly harmful.
Avoid the following substances on HPL surfaces:
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Strong acids: sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid
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Strong bases: sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide
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Organic solvents: acetone, toluene, xylene
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Chlorine-based bleaches (concentrated)
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Rust preventives and metal cleaners
For everyday products, oven cleaners, strong toilet cleaners and some nail polish removers require particular care. Hot fats and oils can also cause stains if left on the surface for long periods.
The right cleaning products for HPL surfaces
Daily cleaning of HPL surfaces is best done with mild, neutral cleaning agents. The ideal pH value is 6-8, which corresponds to a near-neutral state.
Recommended cleaning methods:
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Warm water and mild dishwashing liquid for daily cleaning
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Microfibre cloth, which does not scratch the surface
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70 % with isopropanol for grease stain removal
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Undiluted white wine vinegar for the removal of limescale residues
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Ammonia-water mixture (1:10) for the treatment of stubborn stains
Avoid abrasive cleaners, steel wool and harsh tools that can cause micro scratches on the surface. These scratches will subsequently collect dirt and degrade the surface's appearance.
After cleaning, always rinse the surface with clean water and dry with a soft cloth to avoid water marks.
How to repair chemical damage on HPL surface?
Minor chemical damage, such as surface dulling or discolouration, can sometimes be repaired by gentle polishing. Use a fine polishing paste and a soft cloth in a circular motion. Always test on an invisible area first.
Deeper damage usually requires a professional assessment. If the chemical damage is:
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Completely penetrated the surface layer
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Caused pitting or corrosion
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Permanently changed the surface colour
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Made the surface rough or porous
The most common permanent solution is to replace the laminate. Prevention is the best way to avoid costly repairs.
Protect HPL surfaces in advance by placing chemicals safely, using protective mats and cleaning up spills immediately. Regular care with mild cleaners will keep surfaces looking beautiful for decades.
Need expert advice on the chemical resistance of HPL?
If you have questions about chemical compatibility or need professional advice on how to treat HPL surfaces, our experts are here to help. We can help you choose the right surface materials for your project and offer support with material selection throughout the project.
We offer a wide range of high quality HPL laminates that are highly resistant to the demands of everyday life. Contact our team for personalised advice and precise technical guidance.